Bangladesh’s Role in UN Peacekeeping: National Security and International Law Perspectives

Name of Author : Azim Uddin Gazi

Abstract: Bangladesh has emerged as the largest contributor to United Nations peacekeeping missions, reflecting a strategic balance between national security imperatives and international legal commitments. Since its first deployment in 1988, Bangladesh has sent over 188,000 personnel to 63 missions across 40 countries, earning global recognition for professionalism and humanitarian service (United Nations, 2025). This article examines Bangladesh’s peacekeeping role through two critical lenses: national security and international law. From a security perspective, participation enhances military professionalism, strengthens defense diplomacy, and provides economic incentives, while also posing risks such as casualties and resource diversion (Karim, 2020). From an international law perspective, Bangladesh’s engagement is rooted in its constitutional mandate to promote peace and cooperation, aligning with the UN Charter’s provisions on collective security and humanitarian law (Government of Bangladesh, 2011; United Nations Charter, 1945). Peacekeeping also serves as a tool of soft power, bolstering Bangladesh’s legitimacy in global governance and reinforcing its identity as a nation committed to humanitarian protection. Comparative analysis highlights how Bangladesh’s contributions surpass many other troop-contributing countries, positioning it as a leader in shaping peacekeeping norms. However, challenges remain in terms of equipment, volatile mission environments, and balancing domestic defense priorities. Looking ahead, Bangladesh’s peacekeeping legacy will depend on expanding gender inclusion, technological preparedness, and advocacy for greater representation in UN decision-making. Ultimately, Bangladesh’s role in UN peacekeeping demonstrates the intersection of national interests and international legal obligations, shaping its global identity as a proactive actor in collective security.

Keywords : Bangladesh, UN Peacekeeping, National Security, International Law, Collective Security

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